Akhmatova biography is short

The latest news biography is one of the most striking, distinctive and talented poets of the Silver Age Anna Akhmatova lived a long life. This proud and at the same time fragile woman was a witness to two revolutions and two world wars. Her soul was seized with repression and the death of the closest people. Akhmatova’s biography is worthy of a novel or film adaptation, which has repeatedly undertaken both its contemporaries and playwrights, directors and writers of a later generation.

Childhood and youth Anna Gorenko The real name of the poetess was born in the summer of the year in the family of a hereditary nobleman, a retired fleet-mechanical engineer Andreyevich Andreyevich Gorenko and Inna Erasmovna Stogova, who belonged to the creative elite of Odessa. The girl was born in the southern part of the city, in the house that was located in the area of ​​the large fountain.

She turned out to be the third largest of six children. As soon as the baby turned a year, the parents moved to St. Petersburg, where the head of the family received the rank of college assessor and became an official for special assignments in the state control. The family settled in Tsarskoye Selo, with which all the children's memories of Akhmatova are associated. The nanny took the girl to walk to Tsarskoye Selo Park and other places that Alexander Pushkin still remembered.

Children were taught secular etiquette. Anya learned to read on the alphabet of Leo Tolstoy, and the French language took possession of in early childhood, listening to how the teacher teaches his older children. Anna began to write poetry, according to her statement, at 11 years old. It is noteworthy that poetry for her was not opened by the works of Alexander Pushkin and Mikhail Lermontov, whom she fell in love a little later, but by the majestic Ods of Gabriel Derzhavin and the poem by Nikolai Nekrasov “Frost, Red Nose” recited by her mother.

Young Gorenko fell in love with St. Petersburg forever and considered him the main city of her life. She was very yearning for his streets, parks and the Neva, when she had to leave with her mother in Yevpatoria, and then to Kyiv. Parents divorced when the girl was 16 years old. The penultimate class she studied at home, in Yevpatoriya, and the latter graduated in the Kyiv Fundukleev gymnasium.

After completing the studies, Gorenko became a student of higher women's courses, choosing a law faculty for herself. But if Latin and the history of law aroused a keen interest in it, then jurisprudence seemed boring to yawns, so the girl continued to education in her beloved St. Petersburg, in the historical and literary female courses of N. Early Creativity in the Gorenko family was not engaged in poetry, "how many eyes sees the eyes." Only along the line of Inna Stogova’s mother was a distant relative Anna Bunina - a translator and a poet.

Father did not approve the passion of his daughter with poetry and asked not to shake his last name. Therefore, Anna Akhmatova never signed her poems with a real name. In a genealogical tree, she found a Tatar-Tatarka, who allegedly led her family from the Horde Khan Akhmat, and thus turned into Akhmatov. This was the first meeting of Akhmatova with Europe. Upon his return, the husband introduced a talented wife into the literary and artistic circles of St.

Petersburg, and she was immediately noticed. At first, everyone was struck by her unusual, majestic beauty and royal posture. The dark -skinned, with a distinct hump on the nose, the “Ordynskaya” appearance of Anna Akhmatova conquered the literary bohemia. Soon, St. Petersburg writers were captured by the work of an original beauty. Anna Andreevna verses about love, namely this great feeling, she sang her whole life, wrote at the time of the crisis of symbolism.

Young poets tried themselves in other trends that have come into fashion - futurism and acmeism.

Gumilyov-Akhmatova gained fame as an acmeist. In this memorable year, not only the only son of the poetess was born - Lev Gumilev, but the first collection called "Evening" was also released with a small circulation. In the declining of years, a woman who experienced all the hardships of the time in which she had to be born and create, called these first creations "poor verses of the empty girl." But then the works of Akhmatova found the first admirers and brought her fame.

The authors exchanged letters, infrequently met live, but always with outsiders. Therefore, the novel that was attributed to them could not be a question. The poetess deeply respected her teacher and considered it a brilliant representative of the pre -revolutionary generation. She devoted 6 poems to him. Another talented person with whom Akhmatova drew an acquaintance in her youth was Amedeo Modigliani, in those days a poor artist.

He wrote several portraits and sketches from Anna Andreevna. Most of the drawings were lost in the fire of her Tsarskoye Selo house, only one poetess kept until his death. He, like rare photos of the author, later appeared on the covers of her collections. 2 years after the first, the second collection of Akhmatova, called “Roalries”, was released, and it was already a real triumph.

Fans and critics enthusiastically spoke of her work, raising to the rank of the most fashionable poet of their time.Akhmatova no longer needed her husband’s patronage. Her name sounded even louder than the name of Gumilyov. In the revolutionary M, Anna Andreevna published the third book - “White Pack”. She came out with an impressive circulation of 2 thousand copies.

In the turbulent year, the creative couple broke up. And in the summer, Nikolai Gumilyov was shot. Akhmatova was heavily experienced by the death of the father of his son and man, who introduced her into the world of poetry. She fell under the close attention of the NKVD, they stopped printing it, Akhmatova wrote to the table, many of them were lost during the move.

The last collection was published in the year. Akhmatova received warm support and admiration from colleagues. Among them were Boris Pasternak and Marina Tsvetaeva, much more enthusiastic about her work than she herself - to their works. By the way, both author died earlier than Anna Andreevna, whose life was, although tragic, but long. The new stage of creativity was closely connected with the experiences exhausting the soul for their own people - primarily for the son of Levushka.

In late autumn, the first alarming call sounded for a woman: the second husband Nikolai Punin and his son were arrested at the same time. They were released a few days later, but the rest in the life of the poetess no longer advanced. From that moment on, Akhmatova began to feel how a ring of repression was shrinking around her. After 3 years, the son was arrested. He was sentenced to 5 years in forced labor camps.

The exhausted mother wore a lion of the program. In the same terrible M, the marriage of Anna Andreevna and Nikolai Punin ceased. In order to make life easier for his son and pull him out of the camps, the poetess before the war, in M, published a collection “Of the six books”. Here were collected old prominent poems and new, “correct” from the point of view of the ruling ideology.

In the same year, the famous autobiographical poem “Requiem” was completed, on which Akhmatova worked with the th. Immediately after the victory, she returned to the liberated and destroyed Leningrad, from there soon moved to Moscow. But the clouds of the son, barely parting above his head, released from the camps soon thickened again. In m, her work was defeated at the next meeting of the Writers' Union, and in the m Lev Gumilyov they were again arrested.

This time he was condemned for 10 years. The unfortunate woman was broken. She wrote requests and repentant letters in the Politburo, but did not receive a response. After the Leo exit from the next imprisonment, the relationship between the mother and son remained tense for many years: he believed that Akhmatova put a poetry that she loved more than him. The fate of the famous but deeply unhappy woman changed for the better only at the end of her life.

In m, it was restored in the Union of Writers, they began to publish poems again. In the middle of X, Anna Andreevna received a prestigious Italian prize and released the collection “Running of the Time”. And Oxford University assigned a doctoral degree to the famous poetess. By that time, Akhmatova herself became a mentor for novice authors. So, she was the person who saw the unique natural gift in Joseph Brodsky.

Their meeting took place in the year when the latter was only 21 years old. At the end of the years, the poet and a world -famous writer finally got his own house. The Leningrad "Little Fund" allocated her a modest wooden cottage in Komarovo - a tiny house, which consisted of a veranda, corridor and one room. All furniture is a tough bed where bricks, a table built from the door, a pattern of a modeli on the wall and an old icon that once belonged to her first husband were stacked instead of the legs.

Anna Akhmatova’s personal life had amazing power over men. In his youth, the poetess was fantastically flexible. They say that she could easily bend back, taking the floor with her head. Even the Mariinsky ballerinas were amazed at this incredible natural plastic. And she also had amazing eyes, changing color. Some said that Akhmatova’s eyes were gray, others claimed that the green, and others assured that they were heavenly blue.

A marriage with Nikolai Gumilev in early youth, when the girl studied at the Mariinsky gymnasium, she met a talented young man, later a famous poet Nikolai Gumilev. Gumilev fell in love with Anna Gorenko at first sight. But the girl was crazy about Vladimir Golenishchev-Kutuzov, a student who did not pay any attention to her. The young gymnasium student suffered and even tried to hang herself on a nail.

Fortunately, he slipped out of the clay wall. In Yevpatoria and in Kyiv, the girl corresponded with Gumilev, communication captured her and distracted from heart drama. In the spring of the year, lovers decided to get married.