Biography of Lem Stanislav

Birthday: its novels are translated into 41 language, and the total number of copies sold exceeds 30 million. His books have repeatedly filmed. His surname is called the planetoid Stanislav Lem was born on September 12 in Lviv in the family of a doctor. He planned to enter the Polytechnic Institute in Lviv, but the war violated his plans. After the war, Lem continued his studies at the Medical Institute, where he had previously entered thanks to his father’s connections, but did not pass the final exams in order to avoid drafting into the army.

In Lem was in a difficult material situation. However, thanks to the unexpected success of the “astronauts”, he decided to seriously engage in creativity and continued to write fantastic works. Throughout all creative periods, Stanislav Lem systematically developed the potential of the science fiction genre. Starting with the simple, optimistic stories “Astronauts”, “Magellanic Cloud”, he soon moved to the parody of “Star Diaries of Eyon Tikho” and to the apocalyptic image “The worst world” “Eden”.

The writer's works break into several thematic groups. After the texts that have already been forgotten today, as well as the early, optimism of the novels that the writer himself criticized for “socialistism” himself, in the years, Lem created works that closer to the canon of science fiction and at the same time brought elements of realism to this genre. These are the novels “Eden”, “Return from the Stars”, “Solaris”, “Invincible”, “The voice of the Lord”, as well as stories, later collected in the book “Stories about the Pirks pilot” for a long time to Stanislav Lema in his work was close to the grotesque.

The works of this period were combined into the cycles around the protagonist: for example, the star traveler Ion Tikhiy or the designers of Trurl and valves. In these works there are a lot of word-making, neologisms, funny poems and the original-gorotesquic names for the technique of the future.

The last novel about Iona quiet - “Peace on Earth” - came out in the year. Gradually, Lemu became more close to the genre of essays and philosophical thoughts. The most important of these works are “summary of technology” and “case philosophy”. On the verge between the grotesque and essays are the so -called apocrypha - reviews of non -existent books.

Moreover, if at first, for example, in “Absolute Void”, the proportion of the grotesque and essays is approximately equal, in the last review in the cycle - the book “Peace as the Holocaust” is so serious that one day this publication was considered real -existing. In the late period of work, Lem actively wrote feuilleton. In them, he primarily described the modernity and future of civilization.

Despite the traditional form, the ideas of Lem remained as brilliant as, for example, the idea that, due to the natural course of events, the emergence of an artificial mind would precede the appearance of such a creature as “artificial cretin”. The genre of science fiction with his inherent visuality is asks for the cinema. It is not surprising that the works of Stanislav Lem were repeatedly filmed: one “Solaris” formed the basis of the film three times.

However, it is known that the writer himself was critical of almost all the film recordings of his works. He was also angry with Andrei Tarkovsky, who in the script showed the "earthly" prologue and came up with a whole family to Kelvin. Tarkovsky was the director, who was little interested in science fiction, but entailed Lemov’s problems, similar to the problems of “crime and punishment” of Dostoevsky.

Lem himself spoke like this about working with the director: "We were then similar to horses that pull one WHO in different directions." The work of Stanislav Lem influenced many fantasy writers. According to Boris Strugatsky, the novel "Solaris" is one of the ten best works of the genre and had "strongest - direct or indirect - influence on world fiction of the 20th century in general and on Russian science fiction."