Mazepa Wikipedia Biography

We talk about the life and service of Ivan Mazepa, how he rose from the “generation” to the hetman and why he betrayed the king. Mazepa: A brief biography of Ivan Mazepa was born in the year in the family village of Mazepintsy, located near Kyiv. At that time, these lands entered the Polish-Lithuanian state of the Commonwealth. His grandfather served the Russian king. Father first supported Bogdan Khmelnitsky in his uprising, then crossed to the side of Poland.

Ivan studied at the Jesuit Collegium in Warsaw, and from the year he served as “Golly” at the court of the Polish king Jan Casimir, where his father arranged it. At the court, Ivan was imbued with an aristocratic spirit and studied with interest the mechanism of court intrigues. The young man was in good standing with the king and was even sent abroad at the state expense to study artillery and obtaining European education.

Returning, Mazepa remained to serve the Polish king, and thanks to his training he became a very educated person, knew seven languages, had a beautiful library. In the year, Mazepa stipulated his friend Paske, but completely inept. The king figured out everything, justified the agreed and paid him compensation, and the slanderous Mazep was temporarily removed from the yard.

A year later, the apiary beat his offender, the case almost reached a fight on swords. The king’s attitude to Mazepa worsened so much that Ivan was forced to leave for Volyn, where another unpleasant story occurred. There is an opinion that Mazepa had a love connection with the wife of the local pan. Upon learning of this, Pan ordered the lover to tie to the horse, who was then driven away by prickly thickets.

It is true or not, in any case, under the Polish court, since the year, Ivan Mazepa no longer appeared. It is believed that he retired from the royal court due to the fact that at that time the Polish -Lithuanian Commonwealth was losing influence and it was necessary to look for a better place. In the year, Mazepa married the daughter of an influential representative of the Cossack foreman Semyon Polovtsa, thanks to whom he entered the surroundings of the hetman Peter Doroshenko, who served in the Ottoman Empire.

The hetman controlled most of the right bank of the Dnieper. In the year, Mazepa became a hundred of the hetman guard, later - the General Esaul and the General clerk. Mazepa: The war for power in the year of the Zaporizhzhya army, led by hetman Bogdan Khmelnitsky, swore allegiance to the Russian king.

Thus, the left -bank Ukraine became part of Russia. However, after the death of the son of Khmelnitsky, a series of betrayals began, some of the hetmans were asked for the support of Poland and the Crimean Khanate. Then, two hetmans divided the power over Ukraine: the hetman of the Left Bank Ivan Samoilovich, who served the Russian king, and the hetman of the right -bank Peter Doroshenko, who served Mazepa.

In the year, Mazepa went with a diplomatic mission to the Crimea and Turkey, but was captured by Cossacks and almost killed for the fact that Pyotr Doroshenko “transferred” fifteen left -bank Cossacks for the Sultan, and the Cossacks considered it a terrible crime and sentenced Mazepa as a mission executor to death. The legend says that he saved the Koshevaya Ataman Ivan Sirko, passing on the left -bank hetman Ivan Samoilovich.

But here Mazepa did not last long. According to historians, using his magnificent education, diplomatic talent, charisma and charm, he entered into confidence in Prince Golitsyn, who commanded the tsarist troops, and made a denunciation to Samoilovich, after which he was removed. So Mazepa became the Ukrainian hetman Left -bank Ukraine, the territory had a certain autonomy, but was under the rule of the Russian king.

The Russian authorities repeatedly awarded him and allocated him in every way. In the year, the king awarded him the Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First -Called, established shortly before that. After the outbreak of the Northern War, the hetman Mazep diligently complied with Peter I orders, sending the Cossack contingent to the war, which was going on in the Baltic states, Poland and Belarus, as well as for the construction of St.

Petersburg. The king unconditionally trusted the hetman and did not believe repeated denunciations against Mazepa. Then there was a series of failures of the Russian king in the Northern War: in the year, Sweden took possession of Warsaw, and in the year, Charles XII defeated the Russian ally - the Saxon and Polish king August II, who was forced to abandon the crown. The Russian army was powerless to help the ally and, persecuted by the Swedish army, hastily fled from under Grodno in order to avoid defeat.

Mazepa began to more and more to be convinced of the weakness of the Russian king, who tried diplomatic means to achieve peace with Sweden, and behind Peter I began to negotiate with the Swedish king. Mazepa considered this invasion the most convenient case to go over to Sweden. And instead of joining Peter's strength to join his troops, he went over to the side of the Swedes.

In addition, the hetman deceived the army of the Cossacks with him, promised to the Swedish king. And only when the fugitives were near the Swedish army, Mazepa ordered the Cossacks to swear allegiance to the Swedish army to liberate Ukraine. Only a small part agreed to fight on the side of the enemy, most of the Cossacks returned back.And after the amnesty declared by Peter I, most of the swearing traitors also returned to the Russian army.

But Mazepa’s calculation was erroneous: the Battle of Poltava happened in which the Russian army defeated the Swedes. Mazepa, along with the king of Sweden, fled south to Bender, to the territory of the Ottoman Empire. There he died at the age of 70 years after Poltava. In the Russian Empire, Mazepa, after treason, was anathematized and even carried out a symbolic execution. In addition, the Order of Judas was released.

After his death, at the request of the new hetman Ivan Skoropadsky, Tsar Peter forbade him to insult the Little Russian people with his decree and reproach him with the treason by Mazepa. From his youth he had a dodgy mind, he was able to easily converge with noble persons and liked the right people. He easily entered into confidence in persons with power, and through them he acquired power, and at the next opportunity he betrayed his benefactors for the sake of personal interests.

Historians say that even during the service of the Polish king Mazep, he loved to read the works of the Italian thinker, philosopher, writer and politician Niccolo Machiavelli, and the most beloved was the work “Sovereign”, where the Red thread is described that the end justifies the means and that the sovereign for the sake of his state can lie, betray and shed blood.

Ivan Mazepa betrayed many people in order to achieve his own goals and ambitions, but ultimately received nothing. Read also:.