Emma Kaganova Biography

Their clock goes differently on December 20 by the foreign intelligence of Russia marks a hundred years. Was Sudoplatov related to Ufa? I remember that in the beginning of the 10ths, we, the baby of seven to eight years, sang the popular song “Three Tankmen”. However, patriotic songs then sang everything. And on holidays at the table, and on weekdays, somewhere in a gazebo or on a bench in the yard.

But with a song about tankers, the stage of understanding what I heard began for me. The words of Uncle Grisha, the husband of his mother’s mother, played a great influence on me, he played perfectly on the button accordion, an accordion, possessed a baritone with a soft, purely Ukrainian timbre. She drew attention: “But intelligence reported just like that in my life a new word appeared -“ intelligence ”.

Later, when, as a reader, I switched to adventure literature, the search for books about spies and scouts turned me into an obsessed fan of heroic prose. Nevertheless, the real happiness for lovers of books has come only from the middle of the x years, when memoirs of military and political figures, documentary novels and stories of participants in the Great Patriotic War, history, telling about the once classified NKVD-CGB’s memories, intelligence officers appeared on store shelves.

The first discoveries of my surprise had no bounds when, in Andrei Sudoplatov’s book “The Secret Life of General Sudoplatov”, I read that before the defeat of German troops near Stalingrad, the wife of scout Pavel Emma Kaganova with her little son Andrei was in an evacuation in Ufa. Dedenko, the evacuated relatives of Moscow Chekists were located in the house on the corner of the streets of the Communist and Gogol, on Pushkin, as well as in houses near the building of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and at the address of ul.

Lenin, 2. Unfortunately, now it is no longer possible to find out the Ufa address of the relatives of Sudoplatov, but my interest in the fate of the scouts is intensified with each new book read. It is always curious to find out who covers the rear of a man of a dangerous profession. Emma Karlovna, the year of birth, was two years older than her husband. Service in state security agencies of the beginning before her husband.

Since the year, she worked in counterintelligence units. From the year, she was an employee of the NKVD foreign department, went abroad to maintain communication with scouts. She was awarded the orders of Lenin and the Red Banner, as well as medals. She retired in the year with the rank of lieutenant colonel. Sudoplatov spouses lived together 61 years. According to the family members, the spouses had two sons: Andrei Polishnaya, the years of birth, and Anatoly, the years of birth, Emma Karlovna has always been distinguished by an analytical mind, perspicacity, strong will, great internal culture, organization and knowledge of life.

These qualities helped her save her family, survive at a difficult time, give her husband a ticket to life in a new quality - a writer, a translator, a publicist. Artist or scout? There are many books about the activities of Pavel Anatolyevich Sudoplatov. The most famous, written by himself, is “Intelligence and the Kremlin”, where the author covers in sufficient detail many complex moments of the life of our country and the work of state security organs.

The names of some agents are also called in it - legal and illegal, who worked directly with Beria, with Sudoplatov. In the end of the x, I had a chance to hear, as it seemed then, the fantastic assumption of the researchers of the Taganrog Museum-reserve for help to preserve the house, where Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was born, which was provided during the Great Patriotic War of Chekhov, artist Mikhail Chekhov.

Her biography could become the basis for an adventurous novel about spies, where Olga Konstantinovna herself would be the main character. In the year, in incomplete 24 years, Chekhova leaves her husband, a young daughter Ada and begins life from a clean sheet. Considering herself underestimated in Russia, a young woman comes to Berlin and soon, thanks to an accidental acquaintance with director Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau, she gets her first role in cinema.

It is worth noting that before this Chekhov was not only never present on the set, but did not even see a movie on the screen. The film "Fogillot Castle" was dumb, and the weak knowledge of the German language of the Russian debutant was no obstacle to the actress's career. Over time, the characters of Olga Konstantinovna, played at a good level, in a dramatic man, made her very noticeable art in the world.

The offers of new roles were sprinkled. When Chekhova perfectly mastered the German language and received citizenship, she became a serious rival for Germany. In the year, Olga Konstantinovna is awarded the title of state actress. Olga Leonardovna Knipper-Chekhova told her friend how, returning after the Moscow Art Theater tour in the year, she stopped visiting Olga Konstantinovna, who was represented by the entire top of the Reich at the banquet, and Hitler called on the phone and apologized for his absence.The Führer often arranged numerous tricks in the bet, where the Russian artist played the role of the hostess of the salon.

Several hundreds of those present became witnesses of how Hitler kissed his hand with his Czech and they were moving into the room allotted for her. The security certificate in the memoirs “My clock is different”, written shortly before his death, Olga Konstantinovna resolutely rejects any contacts with Soviet intelligence, but representatives of our intelligence do not agree with this.

Moreover, there was a plan for the liquidation of Hitler, and the Russian artist was supposed to help in this. The group of saboteurs was already in Berlin, underground, but the action was not carried out, as Stalin canceled the order. The authority of Olga Konstantinovna in the eyes of the Fuhrer and his close associates is confirmed by many people. The woman was distinguished by an independent character, straightforwardness and peremptory of judgments.

Her unwavering opinion about the persistence of the Russians, skepticism about the success of Blitzkrieg brought out the Minister of Propaganda of Germany Goebbels and the Reichsfuhrer SS Himmler, who repeatedly tried to arrest Chekhov. The situation was saved by the obvious patronage of Hitler. Taganrog during the Great Patriotic War was in the occupation for two years.

During this time, hundreds of civilians were shot, houses were destroyed, objects of art, paintings, rare books were taken out of the city local history museum, but Chekhov’s house survived. A security diploma was issued to the memorial building in the city commandant’s office. The official document in a special frame hung on the door of the museum, notifying in German that the owner of the Chekhov house is the city administration, the house obeys the propaganda department and is under protection.

Below was the seal of the commandant’s office and the signature of the commandant of Gast. This curious fact itself can be commented on by excerpt from the preface by V. Wulf for the memoirs of Chekhova “My watch go differently”: “According to rumors, it was Olga Konstantinovna who saved the Chekhov Museum in Yalta, and at her request, German troops did not touch Anton Pavlovich’s house, and they burned the estate of Tolstoy Yasny Polyana, destroyed Spasskoye-Lutovinovo, where Turgenev lived.” It is logical to assume that the Taganrog House of the Russian writer had the same guardian angel.

Chekhov against Himmler? At the beginning of the year, in connection with the suspicions arising, Himmler wanted to arrest Olga, but she was ahead of him and, calling, invited her to visit her in the morning so that she had time to drink coffee. Before the amazed gaze, Himmler Chekhova appeared in an elegant outfit in the company with the Fuhrer himself. Hitler, stirring a spoon of coffee, noticed that the SS Reichsfuhrer was not his best joke.

Even before the fall of Berlin, Chekhov was taken to Moscow. If she was not an agent of Soviet intelligence, then why didn’t the NKVD arrange a indicative process over it? It is known that her relatives were under the protection of the Chekists, but no one was arrested, on the contrary, people were supplied with foods, and Olga Konstantinovna herself freely went to the American zone, to Austria, and made touring tours.

In the year in Munich, she founded her film studio, but the post -war Germany was not up to art, and the studio went bankrupt. Then Chekhova opened a cosmetic salon. The business was successful, the branches appeared in Milan and Vienna. According to Pavel Sudoplatov, after returning to Berlin in the year, Olga Chekhova supported personal correspondence with the Minister of State Security Abakumov up to a year, that is, until his arrest.

The son of Beria Sergo in his book “My Father Lavrenty Beria” wrote that he had no doubt that actress Olga Chekhova was an illegal Soviet intelligence officer. But there is another opinion: all the hype around the name of Chekhova is a specially planned and well -implemented disinformation that the Soviet mat Hari was in the Nazis lair, and our intelligence was so powerful.

However, in some ways, two memorial complexes A. were saved for Russia and this is not a dez! As well as the fact that after the war, representatives of the Ministry of State Security continued to maintain relations with Olga Konstantinovna. The fate of the scout returning to one of the curators of Olga Chekhova, it should be noted that the biographies of scouts in general and Pavel Sudoplatov in particular are too confusing and contradictory.

So, following the order of a higher manager, one can only be in disgrace because the operational measures approved by the manager, after a certain number of years, other chiefs seemed suspicious or wrong. In different periods of history, different tasks are set for state security organs. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the work and pronounce the verdict of the scout of the scout from the position of modernity, but based on the historical situation of the time when he performed the task.

In the history of Russian intelligence there were many talented, diverse gifted employees. But it is unlikely that anyone had happened to go such a long and tragic path that fell to the share of Pavel Anatolyevich Sudoplatov.He began his work experience in the age of twelve, he got to the service in state security agencies. His track record is more than a page, a list of special operations in which he was directly involved - several pages.

Here are just part of them. During the Great Patriotic War, Pavel Anatolyevich worked with the famous Soviet intelligence officer Nikolai Kuznetsov, led sabotage activities in the Caucasus, supervised the activities of partisan detachments, and participated in strategic radio games with Abwehr and Gestapo. In a difficult period of the Germans, Moscow led the mining of the most important objects in the capital.

Ilyin developed a plan for an attempt on Hitler. From the year he was collecting information on the development of atomic weapons in the United States and Great Britain. After the death of Stalin and the arrest of Beria, people came to power who would very much like to correct their biographies, but employees who had reliable information still worked in state security authorities. We went verified way: the arrests and executions of experienced, tested by the Chekist war began.

Under far -fetched pretexts, they dismissed or sent away from Moscow all objectionable. Pavel Sudoplatov was accused of "contributing to the traitor of the motherland of Beria and his closest accomplices in their enemy activities." Sentence: Fifteen years of imprisonment. Lieutenant General, Order-bearer, he was deprived of the title and awards, left his term from the call to the call.

Subsequently completely rehabilitated. While in prison, Sudoplatov continued to work: he worked as a bindter, studied foreign languages, read a lot. Upon learning that in the United States there was the formation of the Green Berets special forces, he, along with his former deputy Naum Eitingon, with whom they were in the same cell for some time, wrote a letter to Khrushchev with his proposals about possible ways to counteract the US Special Investigations in case of armed conflict.

So the special forces were born. Information to reflection on how they fabricated affairs in those years can be judged by dialogue from the book of Pavel Sudoplatov “Intelligence and the Kremlin”.