Biography of Joseph Gaid

Great composers - Joseph Haydn Joseph Yaydn - biography Joseph Gaydn - a famous Austrian composer, representing the Vienna classical school. The author of melodies, on the basis of which the hymns of Germany and Austria-Hungary later wrote. The world of classical music is so complicated that it is impossible to cover from one glance. He is conditionally divided into styles and era, the central of which is considered to be the era of musical classicism.

Three names that are known to every person are connected with this period, regardless of whether he loves the classic or is absolutely indifferent to it. Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven - their work was connected with the Vienna of the age, so the style of their music is customary to be called Viennese classicism, and they themselves are considered Viennese classics.

Joseph Haydn was the oldest among them, even Mozart called him "dad Haydn." They also say that he is the "father of the symphony." It cannot be said that no one wrote symphonies before him, they wrote, but only Haydn brought it to a logical conclusion, to classical perfection. Thanks to him, the symphony was acquired by the sound that captivates the audience for more than a century.

Haydn was the first to improve the string quartet and clavier sonata. The boy’s parents had nothing to do with music. Father worked as a brown master, mother was a cook. But they loved music very much, my father in his youth learned to play the harp, his mother sang well. Franz, although he never called himself this name grew up in a large family. In total, the parents had seventeen children.

We lived poorly, but together. The neighbors loved to gather in their house, sing, dance, listen to the game on the harp of the owner of the house. Little Joseph inherited the paternal abilities for music. At the age of 5 years, he had a beautiful sonorous voice and a great sense of rhythm, eagerly sang along with dad. Soon he independently learned to play the violin, and sang a little later in the church choir.

The boy’s parents showed an unprecedented foresight for their position. They realized that their son had talent, and sent the boy to the neighboring city, where their relative lived - Johann Matias Frank. He worked as a school principal, and taught his students not only mathematics and grammar, but also taught them to play the violin and sing. It was there that Joseph learned to play wind and string instruments, for which he was grateful to his mentor until his death.

Joseph grew up hard and stubborn, and also had an innate sonorous voice, by which he was recognized in his native land. Once their village was visited by Georg von Reuters, a famous composer from Vienna. He arrived specifically to select the best singers for his chapel. The eminent composer really liked Haydn, and he took an eight -year -old boy with him. For two years, Joseph sang in the largest Cathedral of Vienna, and in addition, he got acquainted with the intricacies of the composition and tried to compose his own spiritual compositions.

The most difficult period in the biography of the young musician was the year. Joseph had to earn his living on his own, he gave lessons, sang in a church choir, played string instruments as part of different ensembles. There were many difficulties, but Haydn never fell into despondency and sought to learn something new. Joseph Haydn in his youth everything that was able to earn, the young man spent a famous composer on the lessons of Nikolo Porpora.

When the money ended, Joseph acted as the accompanist of other students of the composer. He was obsessed with music, he liked to study books on the composition, disassemble clavier sonatas, compose multi -gang music. Joseph could be tired of tired until late at night. The first opera of Haydn - “Lame Demon”, put one suburban Viennese theater in the year.

Four years later, the composer became the author of the first string quartet, and in the year he introduced his first symphony to the audience. It was the symphony that has become the most important genre of Haydn's whole work. Creativity has big changes in life awaited the composer in the year. Prince Estergazi and his family in Vienna were only in winter, the rest of the time spent in their main residences located in the small town of Aizenstadt.

For six years, Joseph lived in the estate, not sparing at all behind the metropolitan vanity. Joseph Haydn writes music by an agreement signed by Haydn and Esthergazhadi, had one condition - the composer had to write only the music that was required for his excellency. Therefore, in the early symphonies of Joseph, a small composition of the musicians, who were given to him at the disposal, participate.

But, after a couple of years of impeccable service, the prince made concessions, and allowed to add any tools to the orchestra at the discretion of the composer. Haydn paid most of all attention to his beloved genre - symphony. They became a reflection of the emotional response to the new literary course of the “storm and onslaught”, which was born in those years. It is also noteworthy that in these years, Haydn has been working on the creation of childhood symphonies.Soon, the name of the Austrian composer became famous far beyond the borders of the Austrian borders, and the Paris concert society ordered six symphonies to him.

After this order was executed, he began to fulfill another order from Spain. After some time, Haydn's works were already published in London and Naples. The orchestra of Joseph Haydn Joseph Gaydn was not only a talented and popular composer, he knew how to make friends for real. It was such a close friendship that connected him with Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. They never competed among themselves, did not envy, but rejoiced at each other's successes.

Wolfgang always said that it was Haydn who taught his methodology for creating string quartets. Subsequently, a grateful student devoted two works to his teacher. And Haydn, in turn, saw in Mozart the greatest composer-modern. The usual lifestyle of the composer changed after reaching the age of summer. He gained the long -awaited freedom from obligations to Prince Esternazh, although the heirs continued to consider him a court capter.

The descendants of the noble family dismissed the chapel, and Haydn returned to Vienna. In the year, Joseph received an invitation from England, where he was called on tour. Under the terms of the contract, the composer was supposed to write six symphonies and perform them in London. In addition, he had to write an opera and twenty works in addition to everything.

At the disposal of Franz Joseph was now an orchestra of four dozen musicians. In total, he spent a year and a half in London, and this time became the highest triumph of his career. The tour in England was incredible success. During this time, Haydn wrote almost three hundred works, received the degree of Doctor of Oxford University. They may be familiar.