Biography of the city of Omsk

In the year, at the direction of Peter the Great, the expedition of D. Bhahgolts went to the confluence of two rivers, Irtysh and Omi to build a prison there. The fortress was intended to repel nomadic attacks, often bothering those lands. However, the first reconnaissance expeditions here visited another year. Boris Godunov became interested in the accession of rich Siberian lands.

But then the construction of a new prison became impossible because of the constant raids of Kalmyks to the nearby city of Tara. The first fortress was wooden, in this form it stood for half a century. In the fortress, other Siberian prisoners were created, and for this reason Omsk from the very foundation becomes a “bureaucratic hail”. In addition to them, the population of the city was the military, their families, Cossacks and a small number of peasants.

In years, it was decided to reconstruct the Omsk fortress. At the direction of the leadership of the Siberian Corps, an elevated place was chosen for the new settlement. In addition, the technical innovations of that time were used in the defensive system. So on the shore of Omi a new fortress appeared. Its protection consisted of 4 bastions and 3 half -bastards, the district wall had four entrances: to get into the settlement, bypassing the Tarsky, Tobolsk, Irtysh or Omsk gates.

Soon the first stone building was also erected - by them, according to the tradition that developed in those days, the church was. In the year, Omsk rises along the administrative staircase: first it becomes a stagnant city, and then the district center. Thus, the city becomes an important defensive and management center of Tobolsk governorship. Already in the city received a coat of arms, where the main features of Omsk were reflected.

But the administrative transformations did not end there. The Eastern and West Siberian Governor General created in the year affected the fate of Omsk. The Main Directorate of Western Siberia was transferred to it. He was the first to lead the governor P. Governor P. throughout the 19th century Omsk was the place where the convicts were serving a sentence. There was even an incorrect idea of ​​the meaning of the name of the city: Omsk was deciphered as a distant place of the stronghold of convicts.

Such an abbreviation is not true - the city got its name by the name of the Om River, on which it was founded. In the year, F. Dostoevsky arrives in the city and forever connects him with the classics of Russian literature. Omsk arises in several of his works, for example, in “Crime and Punishment”, “Notes from the Dead House”. Despite the fact that the writer spoke unflattering about the place of his stay, in Omsk there is a museum dedicated to him, a monument of the work of I.

Glazunov in the historical part. One of the main universities of the city also bears his name. The general development plan, adopted in the year, reflected the then fashionable architectural trends.

It provided for wide straight streets, with the right quarters and squares, where churches and trading places were to be located. This project was implemented and today is not difficult to separate the historical part from later buildings. At this time, the construction begins one of the attractions of the city - the Academic Drama Theater. Meanwhile, Omsk gradually developed, turning into one of the largest cities in Russia.

By the middle of the 19th century, there were already around the yards, 75 shops, 5 churches. The river shipping was established - the Irtysh was united by Omsk, Semipalatinsk and Tobolsk. In the year, the Trans -Siberian Highway is reaching here. The railway makes Omsk a large transport interchange. A few months later, the railway bridge connected the shores of the Irtysh, which expanded the route from Chelyabinsk to Novosibirsk.

An economically promising geographical position and the road of continental significance have served a good service for the development of the city. Soon the first economic facilities appear: soap brewers, flour plants. The city shopping center is being built, Moscow shopping ranks occupy the main street. In addition, the house of judicial departments and the management of the railway are engaged in administrative concerns.

These buildings will largely form the image of modern Omsk, replicated on souvenir products. In the years, Omsk will become one of the epicenters of the Civil War. It is here that the Siberian Provisional Government, headed by Admiral A. For a short time, Omsk will be proclaimed the capital of the Russian Empire. This idea, however, did not find support. The city did not stay for the center of the White Guard for long - a year after the October Revolution of Omsk, the Red Army troops under the command of Tukhachevsky occupied.

In the years of the first five -year plans of the new government, Omsk turns into an agricultural region. The volume of agriculture and the production of the necessary equipment for it increases rapidly. In years, many factories from Moscow, Leningrad, and Yaroslavl were evacuated to the city.Among the arrived enterprises were tire, radio, metal -processing plants, and others represented light industry.

It was they who formed the basis of the industrialization of the city. In the war years, mass production of the necessary weapons for the army is underway, hundreds of tanks and aircraft are made, the creation of radio stations, weapons and much more are put on the flow. In the 10ths, oil refining production is created, an oil refinery is launched. The development of this industry is largely associated with the brilliant leader of I.

One of Omsk is his name. Entire residential villages are being built next to new industries - this is how the Oktyabrsky district, the town of oil industry. Omsk is growing so rapidly that already in the year it becomes a millionaire city. In modern history, Omsk occupied various positions in the ranking of the largest cities in Russia, but never fell below the 7th line.

In the years of Omsk, being a partially closed city before, it comes out to meet the rest of the world. The economic crisis adversely reflected in most industrial enterprises of the city, but at that time trade begins to develop. This period is marked by the creation of private enterprises, the gradual development of small and medium -sized businesses. Modern Omsk is the largest city in Siberia with a rich history.

Large economic enterprises still operate in the processing industry. Among them, an oil industry, a technical carbon plant, a synthetic rubber plant and others are released. The metro laying continues. There are several theaters in the city for every taste: lyceum, dramatic, plastic theater. The children who are waiting in the circus, the theater of the young spectator or the puppet theater did not go unnoticed.

The concert hall opened in the year after a significant restoration was recognized as world famous musicians one of the best in Siberia. The most famous attractions and favorite places of rest are the historical complex “Omsk Fortress”, Cathedral and Theater Squares, numerous squares and parks.